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Part 94: Sprocket chain

94	Sprocket chain – 40''	15	-	6	6	3	N°8

The parts

This is a very tricky one.  Sprocket chain was introduced in late 1915, just in time for the big Meccano competition announced late that year.  It replaced the previous "Length of chain", part number 42.  However, these were completely different parts.  The old chain was a simple linked chain intended for use as infill tension members in a large model, and was rather overlooked.  It doesn't appear that it was ever designed to transmit power (although this was suggested in the manual it would have been very unsatisfactory).  Of course, there were no sprocket wheels until the new chain's launch in 1915.

Sprocket chain was introduced well after very similar parts were added to the American Model Builder system, with which Meccano was deep in legal argument at the time.  It's interesting that many of the features of this system were 'borrowed' by Meccano exactly at the time that Meccano were complaining of their ideas being stolen.

What doesn't add up, however, is how it ended up as part number 94.  The previous part number chronologically was the Centre Fork, part 65.  Meccano started to reserve chunks of ten numbers at a time: the 70's for the new flat plates, 80's for screwed rods, 90's for curved strips, 100's for the braced girder and loom parts.  It's still odd, though, that all of these parts predate the sprocket chain and wheels.  I don't really get it.

Chronological variations

Very very tricky indeed.  Here are four fairly well dated versions of the chain.  The top one is clearly identifiable as a 1920's variety.  The bulbous links are distinctly different from later versions.  The second one is a 1950's chain, and probably the most common variety.  I believe that this style dates from pre-war but goes through to the 1960s at least.

The third variation is a zinc-plated one from the 1970's, and the bottom one is a bright zinc plated sprocket chain manufactured during the late 1980's, and supplied in the French-sourced outfits from 1985 to 1992.

The interesting thing to note here is that the first and third versions have clear markings on the wire loops in the middle of the arms.  This is a manufacturing mark where the wire is gripped by the machine.  The second (common Meccano version post-war) and the post-Binns Road French version don't have this mark.

DMS/EMP describe the various versions as 19SWG, then a very thin version of 23SWG, then 21SWG zinc plated.  I can't relate this at all.  The first two examples above are 0.036'' (0.91mm) diameter wire, which is 20SWG.  The last two examples are slightly thicker, 0.039'' (exactly 1.00mm) diameter, which is close to 19SWG.  So I can't relate any of these variations to their figures, sorry.  No doubt someone will help me out here.

The earliest version above is certainly common in the 20's and I have it in a 1929 manufactured outfit.  The last one is also certain in date, as is the third (identical to the one in the main picture at the top, from a mid-1970's 8x outfit).  The second version in the picture above is by far the most common in my experience, although I mostly collect 1945-1958 parts and outfits.

The earliest sprocket chain

The transition from the early structural chain to ladder chain is difficult to identify.  The picture on the left shows a very early brass-plated ladder chain in an almost-mint outfit 4 of 1914.

There are two problems with this picture, though.  The first is that outfit 4 shouldn't have chain in it at all.  The second is that the chain that would be expected in an outfit 5 or 6 of this era is the earlier part 42 simple link chain rather than ladder chain.

However, in the picture on the right of the ill-fated Meccano Water Motor (scan of the 1914 Meccano manual, from Rémi Lanne's website  ), we can clearly see very similar ladder chain supplied by Meccano during 1914.  It is quite possible that part 42 (the link chain) was replaced by ladder chain around this time, and this part was subsequently renumbered as part 94 in 1915 to go with the new sprocket wheels.

The chances of us being able to be certain about this kind of detail on such an old and unusual part are very small, of course.  We need to be aware that there were two different types of chain around.  In particular, American Model Builder had a similar chain from at least 1913, and it is very possible for chain in early outfits to have been substituted by a previous owner of an outfit.

Variations and oddities

Not variations on the parts, but variations on the way it's packed.  The picture to the right shows four different labels on the sprocket chain as supplied in the Gears Outfits.  The top picture has a blue diamond with sharp corners, from 1949 (pre-1950 diamonds on all cellophane packs are thought to be sharp-cornered). Below this, a 1950 pack with a blue label and rounded corners.  Third one down is a 1956 Gears Outfit, the yellow label has rounded corners and red printing.

The bottom one of these four is not from a Gears Outfit, it's from a light red/green "M Series" outfit 7A (M series outfits are named after the large M on the box lid, and date from 1962 to 1964).  This chain has an unusual label with rounded corners on the sides but sharp corners top and bottom.

The image to the right is from a 1929 outfit 7, where all the sprocket chains (6 lengths of 40'') are supplied wrapped around fibre 'cards'.  Some parts of this outfit are manufactured in the early Belleville factory in France, but it is not known whether or not the chain was from Binns Road.  It is identical to the usual 1920s chain as shown in the top of the set of four chains in the picture above (including the twist marks), so it was most likely made on the same machine.

Dealer spare parts boxes

Very tricky things to find in spare parts boxes, these chaps.  Here's an unusual pack of six sprocket chains in a dealer spare parts pack.  The white label on plastic bag shows this to be a part from the 1970s.

And to the left, a box of six part 94 dating from the late 50's or 1960's.

The product code on this box, like the bag above, is 12334.  Compare this with the note above from Greg Rahn about the strange part number 57704, believed also to be a pack of six sprocket chains.

To the right, a late Miro-Meccano chain as a spare part.  Note that this chain is shiny, and is most likely French production.

The reason there might be some doubt is that we have this chain shown to the left, from 1981 (during the short Airfix period).  The pack is marked "Made in West Germany".  We know that the chain-making machine(s) from Binns Road were sold off when the factory closed down, and obviously new production of some parts was outsourced.  This particular chain is noticeably duller than 1970s UK chain or later French chain.

Note that the part now has yet another code: 86490-3.

Individual part numbers

Part numbers for the parts on this page are as follows:    Unique part numbers
For identification, each variation has been given a suffix to the main Meccano part number. These suffixes consist of a two-character code for the colour, and if there are many variations, a further number and sometimes letter code to identify each variation. See the bottom of the 'Parts' page for further details.

You don't need to worry what the codes are, just click on any one for a photograph.

The button above turns on and off the display of DMS numbers (where they are known). The DMS (Development of the Meccano System, Hauton and Hindemarsh) published in 1972 and added to in 75 and 82, suggested part numbers for every variation of every Meccano part. These numbers aren't perfect, but they are recognised and also referenced in the EMP (Encyclopedia of Meccano Parts, Don Blakeborough).

Description	from	94
Six links per inch, early brass plated thin chain	??	.br
Six links per inch, significant bulges on each loop	??	.st1
No bulges, no twist marks on loops ¹	28?	.st
Olive green (Mechanised Army chain) †	39-41	.ma
Thicker chain, zinc plated, twist marks on loops	??	.zn
Dull chain, made in Germany	81	.zn2
Thicker, shiny chain, no twist marks on loops	85	.zn1
		ALL

Please send us pictures of missing parts! Hints and tips for pictures
Take a picture of the part in very good light, preferably on a plain yellow background, without a flash but with a tripod.
Ideally, trim the picture to about 150 pixels per inch of the Meccano part (unless the part is particularly big or small), save it as a reasonably good quality jpg file with a filename of exactly the part number, for example 19b.ni1.jpg, and email it to us by clicking on 'Contact us' at the top of the page. Thanks!

• A greyed-out box shows that no part exists for that colour combination.
• Part number codes with a green background have an attached picture of the part, just click once on the code to show a photograph of that part in a separate window.
• Parts marked "†" were temporary or economy parts, or existed only within specific themed outfits. The previous part continued throughout or afterwards.

Further information

Total number of messages on this page: 16.  This is page 1 of 3.   

Michael Walker      (at 2:00pm, Tue 12th Nov, 24)

Dave, there is presently some Meccano chain for sale on eBay.

Dave Bowler      (at 12:01am, Tue 12th Nov, 24)

Desperately looking for some #94 chain for a Christmas project 027 396 7926

gordon      (at 12:21am, Tue 9th Jul, 19)

hi everyone can someone help with type 1 or type 2 chain @200mm long plus 56 gear spocket

John Overeem      (at 10:08pm, Wed 22nd May, 19)

The chain-making machine Clive Weston is talking about happens to be floating around in our shop' We bought this from George Wight years ago.It still does not work properly.I am looking for some instructions for operating it.I'd appreciate any help in this regard. Please & Thank you. John Overeem, E-mail: mechantrix2000@gmail.com

Motolelozzo      (at 3:13pm, Fri 24th Jan, 14)

Hallo do you know if Marklin version of meccano chain has slightly larger links? I purchased a chain type 2 ("the most common variety") but it doesn't fit my Italian Meccano gears (BRAL brand) probably due to the tooth shade. The same trouble width the transimission gears of an old Steam Model: the Meccano chain doesn't fit well. Can you help me finding and purchasing the right chain? I'm from Italy

ooftkhfi      (at 12:30am, Mon 17th Dec, 12)

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